Chapter 7
FREEDOM MOVEMENT IN INDIA
1. How were the British able to establish their empire in India?
The British were able to establish their empire in India through diplomacy and battle.
2. What happened in 1857?
In central and northern India people revolted against the British in 1857.
3. What did the British say about their primary objective?
The British said that the welfare of the people was their primary objective.
4. When was the need for an organization that could safeguard national interest felt?
Soon after the first war of independence 1857, the need for an organization that could safeguard national interest felt.
5. When as the dream of having a national organization finally fulfilled?
In 1885, when the Congress was formed the dream of having a national organization finally fulfilled.
6. How many delegates attended the first session of the Indian National Congress?
There were 85 delegates attended the first session of the Indian National Congress.
7. What sort of platform was provided by the Indian National Congress?
The Indian National Congress provided a platform where the people who wanted freedom could come.
8. Which period is known as the moderate phase of the Indian National Congress?
From 1885 to 1905 was the periods known as the moderate phase of the Indian National Congress.
9. Which were the two basic issues on which the Congress petitioned to the British?
The political and administrative were the two basic issues on which the Congress petitioned to the British.
10. When did Lokmanya Tilak emerge as apolitical leader ?
When the political activities were slow, Lokmanya Tilak emerge as apolitical leader.
11. What was the slogan Tilak gave to the indian masses ?
“Swarajis my birthright, and I shall have it” was the slogan Tilak gave to the Indian masses.
12. Who preached the message of passive resistance to the British in the beginning?
In the beginning Shri Aurubindo Ghosh, preached the message of passive resistance to the British.
13. Which two major festivals were popularized by Lokamanya Tilak?
Ganesh festival and Shivaji festival were two major festivals popularized by Lokamanya Tilak.
14. Who were called the extremists ?
Congress members like Tilak,Vipin Chandra Pal and Lajpat Rai were called the extremists.
15. Who was responsible for the partition of Bengal?
Lord Curzon was responsible for the partition of Bengal.
16. What was sought to be achieved by the British in partitioning Bengal?
By partitioning Bengal, the British divided Hindus and Muslims in Bengal and there by weakened the independence movement.
17. Why did the moderates throw the extremists out of the Congress?
Soon after the partition of Bengal,it was difficult for the moderates to control the extremists. Hence they were thrown out.
18. When were the extremists harassed and jailed?
When they were thrown out of congress, the extremists were harassed and jailed.
19. When was the All-India Muslim League founded and where?
The All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906 in Dacca.
20 What arguments did the British advance asking Indians to support their cause in World War I?
Theritish said that they were fighting for democracy.
20. What was the response of Indians to this appeal by the British?
In response to this appeal, the Indian said that they should also get some democracy.
21. Who started the Home Rule League?
Mrs.Annie Besant started the Home Rule League.
22. When were the extremists re-admitted to the Congress fold?
The extremists were re-admitted to the Congress fold in 1916 at Lucknow session.
23. Why were the Rowlatt Acts known as the“Black Acts”
The Rowlatt Acts were known as th Black Acts because of its emergency powers.
24. Who organized Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Acts?
Gandhiji organized Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Acts.
25. Who ordered the firing at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar?
General Dyer ordered the firing at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar.
27. Who, after the massacre of Jallianwala , was convinced that the
British rule was satanic?
Gandhji was convinced that the British rule was satanic.
28. Why was the dismemberment of the Turkish empire resented in India?
The dismemberment of the Turkish empire resented in India.
because for the majority of Muslims the Turkish sultan was their Khalifa.
29. Under what circumstances did Gandhi launch his Non-cooperation Movement of 1920?
The Jallianwala bagh massacre, the dismemberment of the Turkish empire and theMontague Reforms forced Gandhiji to launch his Non-cooperation Movement of 1920.
30. When were the people asked to renounce titles offered by the British?
During the non-cooperation Movement in 1920, the people asked to renounce titles offered by the British.
31. When was the Non-cooperation Movement, launchedby Gandhi in1920, withdrawn?
After the incident of Chouri-Choura in 1922,the non-cooperation Movement was
withdrawn.
32. What was the immediate reason for the withdrawal of the Non-cooperation Movement?
An angry mob set fire a police station where 22 policemen were burtalive at Chouri-Choura. This was the immediate reason for the withdrawal of the Non-cooperation Movement.
33. Why was the Simon Commission appointed by the British?
The Simon Commission was appointed by the British to review the constitutional situation in India.
34. When was the resolution to ask for Purna Swarajya made by the Congress?
At the Lahore session of Congress, the resolution to ask for Purna Swarajya was made by the Congress.
35. What was the signal of the Dandi March?
The Dandi March was the signal for the people to make token salt without paying the taxes.
36. What was the result of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931?
The Civil disobedience movement was suspended as a result of Gandhi-Irwin Pact of1931.
37. In which year the Congress formed ministries in six Indian provinces?
In1931, the Congress formed ministries in six Indian provinces.
38. When was the Quit India Movement launched?
In1942, The Quit India Movement was launched
39. What was the immediate result of Indian independence?
The immediate result of Indian independence was the partition of India.